工業(ye) 機器人是麵向工業(ye) 領域的多關(guan) 節機械手或多自由度的機器裝置，它能自動執行工作，是靠自身動力和控製能力來實現各種功能的一種機器。它可以接受人類指揮，也可以按照預先編排的程序運行，現代的工業(ye) 機器人還可以根據人工智能技術製定的原則綱領行動。

Industrial robots are multi joint robotic arms or multi degree of freedom machine devices designed for the industrial field. They can automatically perform tasks and are machines that rely on their own power and control capabilities to achieve various functions. It can accept human commands or run according to pre arranged programs, and modern industrial robots can also act based on principles and guidelines formulated by artificial intelligence technology.

工業(ye) 機器人是一種通過重複編程和自動控製，能夠完成製造過程中某些操作任務的多功能、多自由度的機電一體(ti) 化自動機械裝備和係統，它結合製造主機或生產(chan) 線，可以組成單機或多機自動化係統，在無人參與(yu) 下，實現搬運、焊接、裝配和噴塗等多種生產(chan) 作業(ye) 。

Industrial robots are multifunctional and multi degree of freedom electromechanical integrated automatic mechanical equipment and systems that can complete certain operational tasks in the manufacturing process through repetitive programming and automatic control. They can be combined with manufacturing hosts or production lines to form single or multi machine automation systems, and can achieve various production operations such as handling, welding, assembly, and spraying without human participation.

工業(ye) 機器人技術和產(chan) 業(ye) 迅速發展，在生產(chan) 中應用日益廣泛，已成為(wei) 現代製造生產(chan) 中重要的高度自動化裝備。自20世紀60年代初機器人在美國問世以來，工業(ye) 機器人的研製和應用有了飛速的發展，但工業(ye) 機器人顯著的特點歸納有以下幾個(ge) 。

Industrial robot technology and industry are developing rapidly, and its application in production is becoming increasingly widespread. It has become an important highly automated equipment in modern manufacturing production. Since the emergence of robots in the United States in the early 1960s, the development and application of industrial robots have made rapid progress. However, the notable characteristics of industrial robots can be summarized as follows.

1、可編程。生產(chan) 自動化的進一步發展是柔性自動化。工業(ye) 機器人可隨其工作環境變化的需要而再編程，因此它在小批量多品種具有均衡率的柔性製造過程中能發揮很好的功用，是柔性製造係統（FMS）中的一個(ge) 重要組成部分。

1. Programmable. The further development of production automation is flexible automation. Industrial robots can be reprogrammed according to the changing needs of their working environment, so they can play a good role in balanced and efficient flexible manufacturing processes with small batches and multiple varieties, and are an important component of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS).

2、擬人化。工業(ye) 機器人在機械結構上有類似人的行走、腰轉、大臂、小臂、手腕、手爪等部分，在控製上有電腦。此外，智能化工業(ye) 機器人還有許多類似人類的;生物傳(chuan) 感器;，如皮膚型接觸傳(chuan) 感器、力傳(chuan) 感器、負載傳(chuan) 感器、視覺傳(chuan) 感器、聲覺傳(chuan) 感器、語言功能等。傳(chuan) 感器提高了工業(ye) 機器人對周圍環境的自適應能力。

2. Personification. Industrial robots have mechanical structures similar to human walking, waist rotation, large arms, forearms, wrists, claws, and other parts, and are controlled by computers. In addition, there are many intelligent industrial robots that are similar to humans; Biosesensors;, Such as skin type contact sensors, force sensors, load sensors, visual sensors, acoustic sensors, language functions, etc. Sensors enhance the adaptive ability of industrial robots to the surrounding environment.

3、通用性。除了專(zhuan) 門設計的專(zhuan) 用的工業(ye) 機器人外，一般工業(ye) 機器人在執行不同的作業(ye) 任務時具有較好的通用性。比如，更換工業(ye) 機器人手部末端操作器（手爪、工具等）便可執行不同的作業(ye) 任務。

3. Universality. In addition to specially designed industrial robots, general industrial robots have good versatility when performing different job tasks. For example, replacing the end effector of an industrial robot's hand (claw, tool, etc.) can perform different job tasks.

4、機電一體(ti) 化。工業(ye) 機器人技術涉及的學科相當廣泛，但是歸納起來是機械學和微電子學的結合;機電一體(ti) 化技術。第三代智能機器人不僅(jin) 具有獲取外部環境信息的各種傳(chuan) 感器，而且還具有記憶能力、語言理解能力、圖像識別能力、推理判斷能力等人工智能，這些都和微電子技術的應用，特別是計算機技術的應用密切相關(guan) 。

4. Mechatronics integration. Industrial robot technology involves a wide range of disciplines, but can be summarized as a combination of mechanics and microelectronics; Mechatronics integration technology. The third-generation intelligent robots not only have various sensors to obtain external environmental information, but also have artificial intelligence such as memory ability, language comprehension ability, image recognition ability, reasoning and judgment ability, which are closely related to the application of microelectronics technology, especially computer technology. Therefore, the development of robotics technology will inevitably drive the development of other technologies, and the development and application level of robotics technology can also verify the development and level of a country's science, 

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